C3

complement C3

Gene Context Sentence


Table 2. Analysis of context sentence of C3 gene in 37 abstracts.

PMID Gene Context Sentence
32359943 Reduced complement C3 could be seen in 57% of the infected HCWs and IL-6 was significantly elevated in 86% of them.
32360516 While a “cytokine storm” involving IL-6 and other cytokines has been documented, complement C3 activation has been implicated as an initial effector mechanism that exacerbates lung injury in preclinical models of SARS-CoV infection. […] C3-targeted intervention may provide broader therapeutic control of complement-mediated inflammatory damage in COVID-19 patients. […] Herein, we report the clinical course of a patient with severe ARDS due to COVID-19 pneumonia who was safely and successfully treated with the compstatin-based complement C3 inhibitor AMY-101.
32405877 C3 knockout mice infected with SARS-CoV had less lung disease than wild-type mice, suggesting that complement may play a role in coronavirus pathogenesis.
32608159 Parallels with systemic inflammatory disorders such as atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) have implicated the complement pathway in the pathogenesis of COVID-19, and particularly the anaphylatoxins C3a and C5a released from cleavage of C3 and C5, respectively.
32684101 At admission, counts of total lymphocytes, T cells, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, and levels of C3 and C4 in the severe group were lower than those in the non-severe group, whereas the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) was higher in the severe group.
32697835 E2 levels were negatively correlated with IL-2R, IL-6, IL-8 and TNFα in luteal phase (Pearson Correlation=-0.592, -0.558, -0.545, -0.623; p=0.033, 0.048, 0.054, 0.023), and with C3 in follicular phase (Pearson Correlation=-0.651; p=0.030).
32713370 Fasting venous blood was taken to detect the content of complement 3 (C3), complement 4 (C4), C-reactive protein (CRP), serum amyloid A (SAA) and prealbumin (PA). […] When compared the COVID-19 group with the CAP and normal control groups, respectively, the mean value of CRP and SAA in the COVID-19 group (including mild, moderate and severe patients) had increased significantly (P < 0.01), whereas the mean values of C3, C4 and PA decreased (P < 0.01). […] Meanwhile, the statistical analyses indicated that the development of COVID-19 brought about a significant increase in the content of CRP and SAA (P < 0.01), and a decline in the content of C3, C4 and PA (P < 0.01).
32720260 C3 and C4 levels were low.
32746940 Old age, comorbidity of malignant tumor, neutrophilia, lymphocytopenia, low CD4+ T cells, decreased C3, and low oximetry saturation were the risk factors of death in patients with confirmed COVID-19. […] Neutrophilia, lymphocytopenia, low CD4+ T cells, and decreased C3 were immunity-related risk factors predicting mortality of patients with COVID-19.
32759504 Complement C3 inhibition with compstatin Cp40 disrupted TF expression in neutrophils.
32776805 He had endocapillary proliferative GN with in situ IgA-dominant immune-complex formation in the mesangium accompanied by complement C3 deposition in the glomerular capillary wall.
32780294 We used data from the Chicago COVID-19 Comorbidities (C3) survey collected between March 13 thru March 20, 2020.
32866109 The six independent risk factors revealed by multivariate Cox regression were age (OR 1.035, 95% CI 1.017-1.054; P<.001 ck level ci p=“.02),” cd4 count cd8 and c3> </.001>
32877502 Animal models demonstrating end-organ protection in C3 deficient mice and evidence of complement activation in humans have led to the hypothesis that SARS-CoV-2 triggers complement-mediated endothelial damage, but the mechanism is unclear. […] C3 fragments and C5b-9 are deposited on TF1PIGAnull target cells, and complement factor Bb is increased in the supernatant from spike protein treated cells. […] C5 inhibition prevents the accumulation of C5b-9 on cells, but not C3c; however, factor D inhibition prevents both C3c and C5b-9 accumulation.
32880774 Before adjustment, the third fraction of complement (C3), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and ferritin levels were higher in AKI patients. […] When forced in the final model, C3 (OR per log 0.25; 95% CI 0.01-4.66), IL-6 (OR per log 0.83; 95% CI 0.51-1.34), or ferritin (OR per log 1.63; 95% CI 0.84-3.32) were not associated with AKI and did not change the model.
32921249 Odds from CD3, CD4, CD8, CD19, IgM, C3 complement, C4 complement and CT scan results validated associations with clinical outcomes of COVID-19. […] Levels of CD3, CD4, CD8, CD19, IgM, C3 complement, C4 complement and CT results were significantly correlated with the outcome of COVID-19.
32934130 Cluster 3 (C3) was defined by patients who were most worried about COVID-19, more likely to wear face masks, and more likely to alter or stop their medications. […] Patients in C3 were more likely to be female, Malay, and unemployed.
32961333 Whether blockade of terminal complement effectors (C5, C5a, or C5aR1) may elicit similar outcomes to upstream intervention at the level of C3 remains debated. […] Here we compare the efficacy of the C5-targeting monoclonal antibody eculizumab with that of the compstatin-based C3-targeted drug candidate AMY-101 in small independent cohorts of severe COVID-19 patients. […] Both C3 and C5 inhibitors elicit a robust anti-inflammatory response, reflected by a steep decline in C-reactive protein and IL-6 levels, marked lung function improvement, and resolution of SARS-CoV-2-associated acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). […] C3 inhibition afforded broader therapeutic control in COVID-19 patients by attenuating both C3a and sC5b-9 generation and preventing FB consumption. […] These early clinical results offer important insights into the differential mechanistic basis and underlying biology of C3 and C5 inhibition in COVID-19 and point to a broader pathogenic involvement of C3-mediated pathways in thromboinflammation.
32999271 Case 2, aged 56 years, reported progressive cervicalgia 29 days after COVID-19 onset associated with C3 AIS C tetraplegia. […] Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a C4-C6 spinal epidural abscess (SEA) requiring a C3-C4 left hemilaminectomy.
33028802 A computed tomography (CT) scan of her neck revealed a very subtle hyperdensity, which on further investigation was found to be an acute epidural hematoma at C2-C3 space through the C6 vertebra.
33039965 The levels of total immunoglobulins (IgG, IgM, IgA, and IgE), complement (C3, C4) results were retrospectively analyzed in COVID-19 patients. […] Compared with survivors, the levels of IgA and IgE in non-survivors increased significantly, and level of complement C3 decreased. […] Multivariable regression showed increasing odds of in-hospital death associated with older age (HR: 1.099; 95%CI: 1.057-1.143; p < 0.0001), d-dimer greater (HR: 1.294; 95%CI: 1.138-1.473; p < 0.0001) and decreased complement C3 level (HR: 0.073; 95%CI: 0.007-0.722; p = 0.025) on admission. […] Finally, in survival COVID-19 patients whose humoral immunity was re-examined, C3 levels tended to increase, while in non-survivors it decreased. […] Low level of complement C3 may be an alert to the admitted COVID-19 patients with additional management.
33088671 Activation of three complement pathways leads to consecutive enzyme reactions resulting in complement components (C3 and C5), activation of mast cells and neutrophils by anaphylatoxins (C3a and C5a), the formation of membrane attack complex (MAC) and end up with opsonization.
33106442 The risk factors for death included dyspnoea, muscle ache, elevated myocardial enzymes, elevated C3 in over-70 patients and dyspnoea, pharyngalgia, chronic cardiac disease, increased C-reactive protein, IgA, decreased platelets in under-70 patients.
33123353 Taking advantage of the unique repeat access to chronic haemodialysis patients, the differential time course of C3 and C5 activation in relation to inflammation and severity of disease have been characterized.
33125396 However, there were not significant difference in IgG, IgM, IgA, C3, C4 and the percentage of IgE > 100 IU/ml between the death group and survival group.
33161843 Binding of SARS-CoV-2 S protein triggered 83 unique genes in human brain endothelial cells including upregulation of complement component C3.
33179785 Significant deposition of C4d and C3 throughout the vascular cell wall was also identified.
33244380 APOA1 was identified as the protein complex seed, and APP, EGF, and C3 were the top hub-bottlenecks of the network. […] The results specify that up-regulation of C3 and down-regulation of APOA1 in urine play a role in the stiffness in respiration and, accordingly, the severity of COVID-19.
33251605 Compared to healthy donors, complement C3 and C4 protein levels were higher in mild and moderate, but not in severe patients, while the activation peptide of C5 (C5a) increased from the admission in every patient, regardless of their severity.
33280477 Spinal magnetic resonance imaging revealed expensive long-segment and centrally located demyelinating lesion extending from the cervical cord (at the level of C3) to the conus.
33316234 Cluster 3 had a “complement-dependent” phenotype with terminal complement activation markers (elevated C3 and sC5b-9).
33362783 In addition, complement contribution in rare kidney diseases, such as lupus nephritis, IgA nephropathy, atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome, C3 glomerulopathy, or antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis has been demonstrated.
33365178 X-rays and CT studies both confirmed anterior dislocation at C2 on C3 with bilateral pedicle C2 fractures and 5 mm of subluxation.
33405402 The direct immunofluorescence for IgG, IgA, IgM, and C3 was negative in 8 patients investigated.
33441900 Patients in the delayed discharge group (length of hospital stay ≥ 21 days, n = 27) were more likely to have diarrhea, anorexia, decreased white blood cell counts, increased complement C3 and C-reactive protein levels, air bronchograms, undergo thymalfasin treatment, and take significantly longer to convert to a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) RNA-negative status than those in the control group (length of hospital stay, < 21 days; n = 20). […] In multivariate logistic regression analysis, the time to SARS-CoV-2 RNA-negative conversion (odds ratio [OR]: 1.48, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.09-2.04, P = 0.01) and complement C3 levels (OR 1.14 95% CI 1.02-1.27, P = 0.03) were the only risk factors independently associated with delayed discharge from the hospital. […] Dynamic monitoring of complement C3 and SARS-CoV-2 RNA levels is useful for predicting delayed discharge of patients.
33491194 Three criteria for identifying donors with nAbs ≥ 1:160 were tested: - C1: Curve ROC; - C2: Conditional decision tree considering only the IA results and - C3: Conditional decision tree including both the IA results and the clinical variables. […] Regarding the studied criteria for identifying CP donors with high nAbs titers: (a) C1 showed 76.1% accuracy if S/CO = 4.65, (b) C2 presented 76.1% accuracy if S/CO ≥4.57 and (c) C3 had 71.6% accuracy if S/CO was ≥4.57 or if S/CO was between 2.68-4.57 and the last COVID-19-related symptoms were recent (within 19 days).
33557911 We recruited 135 COVID-19 patients and measured plasma levels of C5, C3, cell-free DNA and myeloperoxidase (MPO)-DNA. […] We found that the plasma levels of complements C3 and MPO-DNA were positively related to coagulation indicator fibrin(-ogen) degradation products (C3: r = 0.300, p = 0.005; MPO-DNA: r = 0.316, p = 0.002) in COVID-19 patients. […] Besides, C3 was positively related to direct bilirubin (r = 0.303, p = 0.004) and total bilirubin (r = 0.304, p = 0.005), MPO-DNA was positively related to lactate dehydrogenase (r = 0.306, p = 0.003) and creatine kinase (r = 0.308, p = 0.004). […] By using anti-C3a and anti-C5a antibodies, we revealed that the complement component anaphylatoxins in the plasma of COVID-19 patients strongly induced NET formation.