COTTON
DrugBank ID: db10707
DrugCentral: cotton
Synonymous :cotton fiber
Drug Sentece Context
Table 1. Analysis of context sentence of cotton gene in 45 abstracts.
| pmid | sentence |
|---|---|
| 32329337 | We have carried out these studies for several common fabrics including cotton, silk, chiffon, flannel, various synthetics, and their combinations. […] Filtration efficiencies of the hybrids (such as cotton-silk, cotton-chiffon, cotton-flannel) was >80% (for particles <300 nm) and >90% (for particles >300 nm). […] Cotton, the most widely used material for cloth masks performs better at higher weave densities (i.e., thread count) and can make a significant difference in filtration efficiencies. |
| 32368532 | Absorbent materials like cotton are safer than unabsorbent materials for protection from virus infection. |
| 32421108 | A multifractal detrended cross-correlation analysis (MF-DCCA) approach was utilized to analyze the cross-correlations between the Brent crude oil and agricultural futures such as London Sugar, London Wheat, USA Cotton #2, and USA Orange Juice futures. |
| 32425258 | The objective of this study was to investigate whether cotton mask worn by respiratory infection person could suppress respiratory droplet levels compared to medical mask. […] We recruited adult volunteers with confirmed influenza and suspected cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) to wear medical masks and self-designed triple-layer cotton masks in a regular bedroom and a car with air conditioning. […] The results showed that there was no significant difference in NC0.02-1 or cough/sneeze counts between volunteers with medical masks and cotton masks in a bedroom or a car. […] We concluded that the cotton mask could be a potential substitute for medical mask for respiratory infection person in microenvironment with air conditioning. […] Healthy people may daily use cotton mask in the community since cotton mask is washable and reusable. |
| 32438799 | Effective designs are noted with absorbent layers comprising terry cloth towel, quilting cotton, and flannel. |
| 32480154 | The objective of this study was to investigate whether cotton mask worn by respiratory infection person could suppress respiratory droplet levels compared to medical mask. […] We recruited adult volunteers with confirmed influenza and suspected cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) to wear medical masks and self-designed triple-layer cotton masks in a regular bedroom and a car with air conditioning. […] The results showed that there was no significant difference in NC0.02-1 or cough/sneeze counts between volunteers with medical masks and cotton masks in a bedroom or a car. […] We concluded that the cotton mask could be a potential substitute for medical mask for respiratory infection person in microenvironment with air conditioning. […] Healthy people may daily use cotton mask in the community since cotton mask is washable and reusable. |
| 32484683 | Common fabrics of cotton, polyester, nylon, and silk had filtration efficiency of 5-25%, polypropylene spunbond had filtration efficiency 6-10%, and paper-based products had filtration efficiency of 10-20%. |
| 32497510 | Face mask use could result in a large reduction in risk of infection (n=2647; aOR 0·15, 95% CI 0·07 to 0·34, RD -14·3%, -15·9 to -10·7; low certainty), with stronger associations with N95 or similar respirators compared with disposable surgical masks or similar (eg, reusable 12-16-layer cotton masks; pinteraction=0·090; posterior probability >95%, low certainty). |
| 32503823 | Efficiency of surgical masks, gauze masks, gauze, cotton, silk, linen and tissue paper on blocking micro-droplet sized starch particles (average 8.2 μm) and latex microspheres (0.75 μm) with a velocity of 44.4 m/s created by centrifugation was qualitatively analyzed by using imaging-based analysis. […] The 4 layers of silk could block 93.8% of microspheres and 88.9% of starch particles, followed by the gauze mask (78.5% of microspheres and 90.4% of starch particles) and the 2 layers of cotton (74.6% of microspheres and 87.5-89.0% of particles). |
| 32584542 | Filtration efficiency (FE), differential pressure (ΔP), quality factor (QF) and construction parameters were measured for 32 cloth materials (14 cotton, 1 wool, 9 synthetic, 4 synthetic blends, and 4 synthetic/cotton blends) used in cloth masks intended for protection from the SARS CoV-2 virus (diameter 100 ± 10 nm). […] Three of the top five best performing samples were woven 100% cotton with high to moderate yarn counts and the other two were woven synthetics of moderate yarn counts. |
| 32623571 | Cotton Mather’s introduction of inoculations. |
| 32656101 | We show that cotton-tipped plastic swabs do not inhibit PCR and have equivalent performance to rayon swabs. […] Cotton-tipped plastic swabs are massively produced worldwide and would prevent swab supply shortages under the current high SARS-CoV-2 testing demands, particularly in developing countries. |
| 32729633 | Cotton wool exudates were evident in six out of 27 patients evaluated, a 22%. […] Cotton wool exudates are a marker vascular disease severity in other medical context, that is diabetes and hypertension, and are associated with increased risk for acute vascular events. |
| 32733983 | Fiberglass casts are suboptimal because they require a follow up for cast removal while a conventional plaster cast is amenable to self-removal by submerging in water and cutting the cotton bandages with scissors. |
| 32751260 | Previous studies concluded that cotton, natural silk and chiffon could provide above 50% efficiency. […] In addition, it was found that cotton quilt with a highly tangled fibrous nature provides efficient filtration in the small particle size range. |
| 32781008 | This study compared the performance of six swabs commonly found in primary and tertiary health care settings (PurFlock Ultra, FLOQSwab, Puritan Pur-Wraps cotton tipped applicators, Puritan polyester tipped applicators, MedPro 6" cotton tipped applicators, and HOLOGIC Aptima) for their efficacy in testing for SARS-CoV-2. |
| 32785565 | Results low coverage cloth face masks made of 100% cotton, scarf, pillowcase, antimicrobial pillowcase, silk, linen, tea towel, or vacuum bag, present marginal/reasonable protection against particles while high coverage cloth masks provide high protection. |
| 32835043 | Furthermore, face coverings made from materials such as cotton fabrics allow washing and reusing, and can help reduce the adverse environmental effects of widespread use of commercial disposable and non-biodegradable facemasks. |
| 32873363 | Multiple layer (hybrid) homemade masks made from a combination of high density 100% cotton and materials with electrostatic charge would be more effective than one made from a single material. |
| 32913005 | Water-resistant fabrics (polyesters/nylon), blends of fabrics and water-absorbing fabrics (cotton) should be in the outside layer, middle layer/layers and inside layer, respectively. |
| 32946526 | Under laboratory conditions, we examined the hydrophobicity of fabrics (cotton, polyester, silk), as measured by their resistance to the penetration of small and aerosolized water droplets, an important transmission avenue for the virus causing COVID-19. |
| 32957638 | The best performing fabric masks were the cotton mask with a section of vacuum cleaner bag (VFE(6.0 µm) = 99.5%, VFE(2.6 µm) = 98.8%) or a dried baby wipe (VFE(6.0 µm) = 98.5%, VFE(2.6 µm) = 97.6%) in the pocket designed for a disposable filter, the mask made using the Victorian DHHS design (VFE(6.0 µm) = 98.6%, VFE(2.6 µm) =99.1%) and one made from a layer of 100% hemp, a layer of poly membrane, and a layer of cheesecloth (VFE(6.0 µm) = 93.6%, VFE(2.6 µm) = 89.0%). |
| 32963819 | Subtle retinal changes like hyperreflective lesions in the inner layers on optical coherence tomography (OCT), cotton-wool spots, and microhemorrhages have also been reported. |
| 32965398 | Controlled, non-controlled descriptors and keywords such as “mask”, “home-made” and “cloth” or “cotton” and “infection control” or “infection prevention” were used. thirty-eight articles were selected; of these, seven studies made up the sample. |
| 32973285 | In contrast, shedding of non-expiratory micron-scale particulates from friable cellulosic fibers in homemade cotton-fabric masks confounded explicit determination of their efficacy at reducing expiratory particle emission. |
| 32984381 | Using a recently validated spray-simulation method (mimicking a sneeze), herein we first determined that combed-cotton textiles used as two-layer-barriers covering the mouse cages prevented the contamination of all GF animals when sprayed 10-20 bacterial-droplet units/cm2. […] In additional to exposure trials, the model showed that GF mice were again protected by the combed-cotton textile after the acute exposure to 10 times more droplets (20 “spray-sneezes”, ~200 bacterial-droplet units/cm2). […] Overall, two-layer combed-cotton protected 100% of the GF mice from bacteria-carrying droplets (n = 20 exposure-events), which was significantly superior compared to 100% mouse contamination without textile coverage or when 95% partly covered (n = 18, Fisher-exact, p < 0.0001). […] Of relevance is that two different densities of cotton were equally effective (100%) in preventing contamination regardless of density (120-vs. 200 g/m2; T-test, p = 0.0028), suggesting that similar density materials could prevent droplet contamination. […] As a practical message, we conducted a speech trial (counting numbers, 1-100) with/without the protection of the same cotton textile used as face cover. […] The trial illustrated that contamination of surfaces occurs at a rate of >2-6 bacteria-carrying saliva-droplets per word (2.6 droplets/cm2, 30 cm) when speaking at 60-70 decibels and that cotton face covers fully prevent bacterial surface contamination. |
| 32984785 | Retinal findings in COVID-19 included: haemorrhages (9·25%), cotton wools spots (7·4%), dilated veins (27·7%), tortuous vessels (12·9%). |
| 32988954 | To do a post hoc analysis of unpublished data on mask washing and mask contamination from the original RCT to further understand poor performance of the two-layered cotton cloth mask used by HCWs in that RCT. 14 secondary-level/tertiary-level hospitals in Hanoi, Vietnam. |
| 33012350 | Successful masks were made of muslin at 100 threads per inch (TPI) in 3 to 4 layers (4-layer muslin or a muslin-flannel-muslin sandwich), tea towels (also known as dish towels), made using 1 layer (2 layers would be expected to be better), and good-quality cotton T-shirts in 2 layers (with a stitched edge to prevent stretching). […] In flat-cloth experiments, linen tea towels, 600-TPI cotton in 2 layers, and 600-TPI cotton with 90-TPI flannel performed well but 80-TPI cotton in 2 layers did not. […] We therefore recommend cotton or flannel at least 100 TPI, at least 2 layers. |
| 33031477 | Before and after alcohol disinfection, the air samples and nozzle surface samples were respectively collected by plate exposure method and sterile moist cotton swab technique after predetermined times of NCT air-puff. |
| 33047816 | One split-mouth RCT (21 participants) found that rubber dam plus HVE may reduce CFU more than cotton roll plus HVE on the patient’s chest (MD -251.00, 95% CI -267.95 to -234.05) and dental unit light (MD -12.70, 95% CI -12.85 to -12.55). |
| 33062538 | Household fabrics such as cotton T-shirts and towels have some filtration efficacy and therefore potential for droplet retention and protection against virus-containing particles. |
| 33062649 | If a homemade facemask must be made, the following materials and testing guidelines are suggested: - densely woven cotton fabric (≥270 thread count), medical textile, or other impermeable, breathable material that can be laundered and resterilized- make pleated or fitted pocket style facemasks to maximize fit- make masks with two sets of ties, not elastics, to endure laundering and autoclaving- internal wire or fabric tape may be used to mold masks over the nose- filter material should be designed for use near mucus membranes, such as facial tissue or paper towel- if possible, fit test homemade masks against an FDA-certified surgical mask as a control- if higher filtration efficiency is required, test according to the FDA Enforcement Policy for Face Masks and Respirators During the Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Public Health Emergency- Maintain enough masks to change as frequently as one would change disposable surgical masks to maintain appropriate hygiene. |
| 33067361 | The main findings were flame-shaped haemorrhages (N=4; 22.2%; 95% CI 9.0 to 45.2) and ischaemic pattern lesions (cotton wool spots and retinal sectorial pallor) (N=4; 22.2%; 95% CI 9.0 to 45.2), with one patient having both cotton wool spots and flame-shaped haemorrhages. […] These findings suggest that patients with severe COVID-19 have acute vascular lesions of the inner retina including flame-shaped haemorrhages and cotton wool spots. |
| 33087517 | Airborne simulation experiments showed that cotton masks, surgical masks, and N95 masks provide some protection from the transmission of infective SARS-CoV-2 droplets/aerosols; however, medical masks (surgical masks and even N95 masks) could not completely block the transmission of virus droplets/aerosols even when sealed. |
| 33090782 | This work demonstrated that the cationized cotton could serve as a platform for different functionalization applications, and the resulting fiber materials could inspire the development of reusable and sustainable PPE with significant bioprotective properties to fight the COVID-19 pandemic as well as the spread of other contagious diseases. |
| 33126730 | Another polymer sputtering technique by using a simple cotton candy machine could provide a cheap and robust solution for face mask fabrication. |
| 33144490 | Materials Methods: Digitoxin was administered intraperitoneally to cotton rats, followed by intranasal infection with 107TCID50/100 g of cotton rat with influenza strain A/Wuhan/H3N2/359/95. […] The cardiac glycoside digitoxin significantly and differentially suppressed levels of the cytokines TNFα, GRO/KC, MIP2, MCP1, and IFNγ, in the cotton rat lung in the presence of influenza virus. |
| 33146319 | Hybrid of cotton/chiffon (95%CI 95.2 to 98.8), hybrid of cotton/silk (95%CI 92.2 to 95.8) and cotton quilt (95%CI 94.2 to 97.8). […] Cloth mask efficiency is higher when made of hybrid fabrics (cotton/chiffon, cotton/silk) and cotton quilt, mainly with multiple layers. |
| 33253527 | Cotton and polyester face masks had a lower filtration efficiency and lower dipole charge. |
| 33277105 | By classifying materials according to virus stability on their surface, the following list is obtained (from long to short stability): polypropylene (mask), plastic, glass, stainless steel, pig skin, cardboard, banknote, cotton, wood, paper, tissue, copper. |
| 33300948 | The consumer-grade masks tested included (1) a 2-layer woven nylon mask with ear loops that was tested with an optional aluminum nose bridge and nonwoven filter insert in place, (2) a cotton bandana folded diagonally once (ie, “bandit” style) or in a (3) multilayer rectangle according to the instructions presented by the US Surgeon General, (4) a single-layer woven polyester/nylon mask with ties, (5) a nonwoven polypropylene mask with fixed ear loops, (6) a single-layer woven polyester gaiter/neck cover balaclava bandana, and (7) a 3-layer woven cotton mask with ear loops. |
| 33338847 | AHP presents a ranking of priority for all the alternative materials with Quilt and Cotton 600 TPI are the best values and fulfilled the material characteristics required by WHO. […] The sensitivity analysis generates some material with constant global priority results, such as Quilt, Cotton 600 TPI, Quilting cotton, Polycotton, and Polypropylene fabric 1. […] Quilting cotton with woven structure becomes the third ranking of alternative material, and Polypropylene fabric 1 is the worst material for making environmentally friendly non-medical mask. |
| 33363442 | The input polymer is polypropylene or polystyrene, and can include discarded plastic containers of these materials, and the fabrication set-up is based on the cotton candy (CC) principle. |
| 33370087 | Here, we report a cotton-tipped electrochemical immunosensor for the detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus antigen. […] Unlike the reported approaches, we integrated the sample collection and detection tools into a single platform by coating screen-printed electrodes with absorbing cotton padding. |
| 33439878 | A three-step methodology was developed and used to characterize the performance of 21 different household materials with various material compositions (e.g. cotton, polyester, polypropylene, cellulose and blends) using submicron sodium chloride aerosols, water droplets, and mucous mimicking macro droplets over an aerosol-droplet size range of ~ 20 nm to 0.6 cm. […] Except for one thousand-thread-count cotton, most single-layered materials had filtration efficiencies < 20% for sub-micron solid aerosols. […] Four layers of loosely knit or woven fabrics independent of the composition (e.g. cotton, polyester, nylon or blends) are likely to be effective source controls. |
| 33441775 | These findings underline the importance of appropriate handling of contaminated PPE during and following use in high-risk settings and provide interesting insight into the potential utility of cotton in limiting COVID-19 transmission. |
| 33445045 | Surgical, cotton, fashion, and activated carbon masks wearing pose higher fiber-like microplastic inhalation risk, while all masks generally reduced exposure when used under their supposed time (<4 h). |
| 33451352 | Hyperreflective lesions at the level of ganglion cell (GCL) and inner plexiform retinal layers (IPL) by optical coherence tomography (OCT) and cotton wool spots in the examination of the eye fundus have recently been described as findings in patients with COVID-19 infection. |
| 33482920 | To this end, we performed a series of experiments comparing the diagnostic yield using five consumer-grade swabs (including plastic and wood shafts and various head materials including cotton, synthetic, and foam) and one clinical-grade swab for inhibition to RNA. |
| 33484606 | Although launching products with agronomic traits in important crops using this concept has been elusive, commercial products developed include enzymes used in everyday life from processing fruit juice, to enhancing water absorption of cotton fiber or removal of stains as laundry detergents and in dye removal in the textile industry. |
| 33489292 | We tested an anatomically realistic manikin head which ejected fluorescent droplets of water and human volunteers, in speaking and coughing conditions without a face covering, or with a surgical mask or a single-layer cotton face covering. |
| 33501831 | Implementation of nanofiber swabs in SARS-CoV-2 detection reduces the false negative rates at two viral concentrations and identifies SARS-CoV-2 at a 10× lower viral concentration compared to flocked and cotton swabs. |
| 33523252 | Nine patients (12.9%) featured retinal cotton wool spots and 10 patients had vitreous fibrillary degeneration. |
| 33575845 | The results of the review showed that most of the masks used cotton, nylon, silver fiber fabrics, among others as fabrics to develop the masks. |
| 33576511 | Cotton, as the traditional fabric of choice for dermatology patients, has limited benefits in the context of face masks - increased subjective discomfort relates to increased moisture saturation and stickiness, inevitable because of high biofluid load of the nasal and oral orifices. |